Less than 2 seconds to trigger an emotion: what science reveals about the hidden power of a scent
It takes less than 2 seconds for a scent to trigger an emotional response. Yet the question remains: Can a scent really affect our brains, alter our emotions, or influence those around us? In recent years, science has been taking a serious look at this topic.
What Your Scent Says About You Without You Even Knowing It
Every human being emits a unique scent linked to their immunological profile and revealing their emotional state. These signals are perceptible to others and caninfluence them. Camille Ferdenzi-Lemaître, a researcher in the psychology of olfaction at the CNRS, calls this phenomenon “emotional contagion”: it involves the emotional state of the person emitting the scent being replicated in the person receiving it.
One might think that a quick spritz is enough to mask all of that. However, Camille Ferdenzi-Lemaître’s research shows that wearing the same fragrance does not prevent us from distinguishing the odors of different individuals. Furthermore, it does not erase the physiological effects that body odors have on others.
That said, the bottle isn’t entirely useless. The researcher adds a caveat: fragrances, chosen to evoke positive emotions, might work in synergy with body odors to produce these states. Choosing the right scent could therefore pay off big time.
“Because perfumes are chosen by those who wear them to evoke positive emotions in themselves and those around them, they may work in synergy with endogenous odors to produce such states.” — Camille Ferdenzi-Lemaître, CNRS
Wearing the Right Fragrance to Ace a Job Interview
A 2012 study conducted by the University of Rennes 2 suggested that candidates wearing a men’s fragrance—one that was consistent with their gender and the hiring situation—tended to be favored by HR. Consequently, the choice of fragrance before an interview is not insignificant. Fragrances such as Prada’s Luna Rossa or Sedley by Parfums de Marly, which feature notes of lavender and mint, fit this profile.
Lavender has been associated with masculinity since the 19th century, due to its use in laundry detergents. Mint, for its part, is known to boost physical and cognitive performance. Together, these two notes form a subtle yet effective combination that helps you present yourself in the best possible light.
Scents that directly affect the brain
Two lines of research complement each other on the topic of the emotional influence of scents. On one hand, Christelle Porcherot, a principal corporate R&D scientist at the Swiss fragrance house DSM-Firmenich, has developed the ScentMove tool, which is based on the verbal expression of emotions triggered by smell. In her view, emotional responses are deeply rooted in culture and in each individual’s personal experiences; they therefore remain highly personal.
On the other hand, MRI-backed research shows that certain smells can activate different areas of the brain. Thibaut Madre, fragrance innovation director at Takasago, describes three pathways studied in neuroscience publications supported by the Japanese company: the dopamine pathway, which activates the reward circuit; the performance pathway, or thalamic pathway, which influences focus and attention; and the well-being pathway.
This has led to the creation of patented fragrance blends, such as those marketed by the Edeniste brand. Its fragrances feature an anti-stress blend, and its Lifeboost essences are designed to be layered to help regulate mood. Of particular note is the sparkling Energy essence, with notes of citrus and ginger.
- Lavender and mint help build credibility in professional settings.
- Bergamot, which is often associated with vitality, actually has relaxing properties.
- Hinoki wood (Japanese cypress) contains phytoncides that reduce the secretion of adrenaline when inhaled in a natural setting.
- According to a 2015 study, hedione—a floral compound that has been used since the 1960s—may stimulate the hypothalamus in women.
- Delicious aromas affect the neural reward circuit, just like sugar does.
Unwind after a busy day
Narciso Rodriguez’s Radiante Eau de Parfum blends musk and orange blossom into a soothing embrace. Bergamot, though perhaps more surprising, has relaxing properties despite its invigorating reputation. Thus, Aqua Universalis Cologne Forte by Maison Francis Kurkdjian—where this fruit blends with musks and ethereal florals—is an ideal choice for rejuvenation.
To enjoy the benefits of shinrin-yoku, the Japanese forest bath, without leaving your couch, Monocle Scent One: Hinoki by Comme des Garçons is a compelling option. Hinoki essential oil contains phytoncides, and inhaling them—at least in a natural setting—reduces the secretion of adrenaline. It’s a simple way to reconnect with your inner calm when you get home.
Fragrances and Seduction: What Science Really Says
Some brands rely on molecules with purported aphrodisiac effects. Charlotte Tilbury’s “More Sex,” whose fragrance creations are based on neuroscience research by the American giant IFF, lists Aldron among its “emotional” molecules. This compound is odorless to some, has a soft, woody amber scent to others, and may smell like a sweaty armpit to a few unlucky souls. Its effect therefore varies greatly from person to person.
At Initio Parfums Privés, it is an overdose of hedione—a floral, airy ingredient—that is said to give Side Effect its aphrodisiac effects, with notes of rum and tobacco. This molecule has been in use since the 1960s. A 2015 study indicates that its scent activates the hypothalamus in women—the region of the brain that regulates sexual activity—though it does not conclude that it stimulates the production of hormonal secretions.
Gourmand notes, on the other hand, stimulate the brain’s reward circuitry, much like sugar does. Parfum d’Empire’s Madagascar Le Baume Vanille immerses a bouquet of vanilla beans in a blend of rum, spices, and cocoa. Moreover, this sensory approach goes beyond the neurons, creating a rich, enveloping atmosphere that leaves no one indifferent.
